Retractors are surgical instruments used to hold back tissues, organs, or other structures to provide better visibility and access to the surgical area. They help in maintaining an open incision or wound during procedures. Retractors can be handheld or self-retaining, and they come in various shapes and sizes depending on the type of surgery. Common types include skin retractors, abdominal retractors, and nerve retractors. They are essential tools for minimizing tissue trauma and improving the precision of the operation.